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Natural astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, polyphenols and glutathione precursors: how endogenous and exogenous antioxidants protect cells from the everyday oxidative damage that the body accumulates with age.
Cellular metabolism naturally produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product of mitochondrial respiration. When their production exceeds the endogenous antioxidant capacity, damage accumulates in membrane lipids, structural proteins and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. That imbalance is called oxidative stress.
Sustained oxidative stress is one of the processes associated with cellular ageing and with the low-grade inflammation underlying multiple chronic conditions. Factors that increase it: age, urban pollution, smoking, high sun exposure, diets low in antioxidants, and intense exercise without adequate recovery.
The body has an endogenous antioxidant system (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) that is supported by exogenous antioxidants obtained from the diet: vitamin C, vitamin E, polyphenols (resveratrol, anthocyanins, pomegranate urolithins) and carotenoids (lycopene, astaxanthin, lutein). Both systems work together.
The antioxidant-support strategies with the most clinical evidence focus on three types of molecules with complementary mechanisms.
Liposoluble carotenoids (astaxanthin, lycopene). They accumulate in cell membranes and act by neutralising ROS in the lipid fraction. Astaxanthin (Haematococcus pluvialis) has the most studied antioxidant capacity of the group: clinical trials at doses of 4-12 mg/day over 8-12 weeks document effects on markers of oxidative damage, eye fatigue from screens and skin elasticity.
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone/ubiquinol). An essential cofactor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain - it participates directly in ATP production and acts as a liposoluble antioxidant. Endogenous levels decline with age and with prolonged statin use. Supplementing with Q10 has shown effects on subjective energy and recovery, especially in people over 50.
Dietary polyphenols. Resveratrol, anthocyanins and urolithins (pomegranate metabolites produced by gut microbiota) have direct and indirect antioxidant action via activation of the Nrf2 pathway and modulation of the inflammatory response. Clinical trials in humans on objective markers are promising but heterogeneous.
Three ingredients with robust clinical evidence to support your antioxidant defences. Explore each complete profile.
Natural red carotenoid from Haematococcus pluvialis. The most studied liposoluble antioxidant: clinical effects at 4-12 mg/day on oxidative damage and skin elasticity.
A fundamental water-soluble antioxidant that the body does not synthesise. A cofactor in collagen synthesis, immune function and the regeneration of oxidised vitamin E.
Go deeper into the evidence behind every formulation decision.
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ANTIOX PRO with natural astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10 and selected polyphenols. A formulation with clinically studied doses, complementary to the endogenous antioxidant system.
It is the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (a natural by-product of metabolism) and the body's antioxidant capacity. Sustained over time, it contributes to cellular ageing, mitochondrial decline and the low-grade inflammation associated with multiple chronic conditions. It is not 'bad' per se — controlled ROS are part of normal cellular signalling; the problem is the sustained imbalance.
No. Some antioxidants are vitamins (C, E), but most are not. Polyphenols (resveratrol, anthocyanins, urolithins), carotenoids (astaxanthin, lycopene, lutein), coenzyme Q10 and precursors such as NAC (N-acetylcysteine for glutathione) are antioxidants that are not classified as vitamins — some are synthesised by the body, others are obtained from the diet.
A diet rich in fruit, vegetables, olive oil and nuts covers a good part of baseline antioxidant needs. Supplementation makes sense in specific situations: high exposure to oxidative stress (intense exercise, high urban pollution, smoking, strong sun exposure), advanced age, restrictive diets, or for specific fat-soluble carotenoids (astaxanthin) that are difficult to obtain from the diet in significant amounts.
Yes. Supplementing with isolated megadoses of individual antioxidants (high-dose synthetic vitamin E, beta-carotene in smokers) can have counterproductive effects. The sensible strategy is to combine moderate doses of several complementary antioxidants — exactly what ANTIOX PRO does. ROS also perform normal signalling functions: the goal is balance, not total elimination.
Cellular antioxidant effects are not perceptible acutely — they are cumulative and protective. Biochemical markers of oxidative damage may improve from 4-8 weeks of continued use. For subjective effects on energy, eye fatigue from screens or skin elasticity, clinical trials typically detect improvements at 8-12 weeks.
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